Endovascular management of post-traumatic peroneal pseudoaneurysm associated to arteriovenous fistula after sport-related injury

Purpose A rare complication of high energy traumatism of the lower limbs could be the development of post traumatic pseudoaneurysm (PSA) of the tibial arteries associated with arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Symptomatology could be challenging and leading to misdiagnosis. Methods Endovascular treatment with covered stent deployment or coil embolization has been now replaced by open surgery. Report (Results) Coil embolization of a post-traumatic peroneal PSA + AVF in not compound tibia and fibular fractures of the leg was performed. Conclusion This case highlights the possible use of coil embolization for PSA and AVF treatment and reviewed the recent literature on this issue.