TMX upgrade magnet system: Design characteristics and physics considerations

Summarized in this article are the design characteristics of the magnet-system configuration constructed for use in the modified Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX Upgrade), and a description of the resulting vacuum magnetic field. Many engineering and physics considerations and limitations governed the design. Several of the physics issues are discussed here, including single-particle drift surfaces and adiabaticity, central-cell resonant radial transport, magnetohydrodynamic stability analysis, and finite-beta equilibrium. The described design procedures can be applied to other tandem-mirror experiments or reactor studies.