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Recycling of slag and lead-bearing sludge in the cleaner production of alkali activated cement with high performance and microbial resistivity
- Source :
- Journal of Cleaner Production. 220:568-580
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- The motivation behind this work is to sustainable utilization of water-cooled steel-slag and lead-bearing sludge (LBS: from glass crystal industry) in the cleaner production of alkali activated cement (AAC) with high performance and microbial resistivity. To prepare AAC, slag was individually blended with different LBS contents (0, 10, 30, and 50% with respect to weight of slag), then activated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Due to high CO2 emission resulting from NaOH-manufacturing, alkali activator was used with low concentration (3 wt, %) for activating the aluminosilicate precursors. A preliminary investigation proved that the mechanical and physical properties of AAC significantly enhanced with the increase of LBS content up to 30 wt %; meanwhile, 50 wt % LBS had a negative effect. The leaching test indicated that Pb-concentrations (mg/l) in leachate of all AAC-mixtures were below the safe limit of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Agar diffusion test showed that the anti-bacterial and -fungal activity of AAC enhanced with increasing LBS content up to 50 wt %. From the standpoint of environmental impact assessment, the prepared cement showed 50-times lower CO2 emission compared with Portland cement.
- Subjects :
- Cement
Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Chemistry
020209 energy
Strategy and Management
05 social sciences
02 engineering and technology
Alkali metal
Pulp and paper industry
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
law.invention
Portland cement
chemistry.chemical_compound
law
Aluminosilicate
Sodium hydroxide
050501 criminology
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Leachate
Leaching (metallurgy)
0505 law
General Environmental Science
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09596526
- Volume :
- 220
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Cleaner Production
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........543e7473c3c8909de8b63a66c0d8e07b