Asymmetric quantum-confined Stark effects of hierarchical self-assembly of GaAs∕AlxGa1−xAs quantum dots

Quantum-confined Stark effects in GaAs∕AlxGa1−xAs self-assembled quantum dots are investigated theoretically in the framework of effective-mass envelope function theory. The electron and hole energy levels and optical transition energies are calculated in the presence of an electric field in different directions. In our calculation, the effect of finite offset, valence-band mixing, the effects due to the different effective masses of electrons and holes in different regions, and the real quantum dot structures are all taken into account. The results show that the electron and hole energy levels and the optical transition energies can cause blueshifts when the electric field is applied along the opposite to the growth direction. Our calculated results are useful for the application of hierarchical self-assembly of GaAs∕AlxGa1−xAs quantum dots to photoelectric devices.