Design and Analysis of 2 × 2/4 × 4 MIMO Antenna Configurations for High Data Rate Transmission

Single antenna deployed in mobile terminals suffers multipath fading and thereby not only reduces the operating bandwidth but also the efficiency of the antenna. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology thus plays a key role in the modern wireless communication system due to the fact that it not only increases the capacity of the channel but also increases data rate in a fading environment. The design of the MIMO antenna is carried out on different diversity techniques, namely polarization, frequency, pattern diversity, and quasi-self-complimentary method. Also, from the design aspect, isolation between the identical elements is a bigger challenge to encounter. Different methods have been used for both 2 × 2/4 × 4 MIMO antenna configuration to achieve better isolation