Epitaxial Growth Mechanism of Titanyl-Phthalocyanine on Solid Substrates

Thin films of titanyl-phthalocyanine (TiO-Pc) are fabricating on the (001) planes of alkali halides (NaCl, KCl and KBr), muscovite (mica) and the surface of indium-tin oxide (ITO) on glass plate by organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) technique. They consist of needle and plate crystals depending on the kind of substrates and deposition conditions. The dependence of crystallite sizes and distances between adjacent fine crystallites on the temperatures of K-cell and substrates is evaluated by transmission electron microscopic observation to confirm the activation energies for crystal growth and surface diffusion.