Investigating the chemical Composition and the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and Crude Extracts of Sedum Microcarpum (Sm.) schönl Growing Wild in Jordan

Background: Several Sedum species, such as S. album L., S. acre L., S. palaestinum Bieb, and S. pallidum are used in traditional medicine to heal wounds, hemorrhoids, constipation, food fungi, and as laxative and diuretic agents. Materials and Methods: In this study, the antimicrobial activities of the hexane, n-butanol and aqueous methanol extracts as well as the essential oil from Jordanian sedum microcarpum (Sm.) schonl were investigated and Analysis of the oil constituents by using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Conclusion: The hexane extract showed no antibacterial activity against seven strains. The butanol and aqueous methanol extracts were active against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus and the Gram negative bacteria including Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Serratia marcescens. Phytochemical screening of the active extracts revealed the presence of a mixture of quinones, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The essential oil showed moderate activities against the tested strains. Analysis of the oil using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometer (GC/MS) revealed a complex mixture of aldehydes, mono- and sesquiterpenes in addition to alkaloids. Oxygenated monoterpenes dominated the different classes of compounds detected (36.39%). The major volatile constituents from S. microcarpum included Myrtenol (21.7%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.2%) and z-1, 6-dioldihydromyrcene (5.87%).