Important role of projectile excitation in O16+Ni60 and O16+Al27 scattering at intermediate energies

The elastic scattering angular distribution of the $^{16}\mathrm{O}+^{60}\mathrm{Ni}$ system at 260 MeV was measured in the range of the Rutherford cross section down to seven orders of magnitude. The cross sections of the lowest ${2}^{+}$ and ${3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ inelastic states of the target were also measured over several orders of magnitude. Coupled-channel (CC) calculations were performed and are shown to be compatible with the whole set of data only when including the excitation of the projectile and when the deformations of the imaginary part of the nuclear optical potential are taken into account. Similar results were obtained when the procedure is applied to the existing data on $^{16}\mathrm{O}+^{27}\mathrm{Al}$ elastic and inelastic scattering at 100 and 280 MeV. An analysis in terms of dynamical polarization potentials (DPP) indicates the major role of coupled-channel effects in the overlapping surface region of the colliding nuclei.