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Comprehensive analysis of genes contributing to euryhalinity in the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas; Na+-Cl− co-transporter is one of the key renal factors up-regulated in acclimation to low-salinity environment in bull sharks, but not in houndsharks, Triakis scyllium
- Source :
- Journal of Experimental Biology.
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- The Company of Biologists, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Most of the cartilaginous fishes live principally in seawater (SW) environments, while a limited number of species including the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, inhabit both SW and freshwater (FW) environments during their life cycle. Euryhaline elasmobranchs maintain high internal urea and ion levels even in FW environments, but little is known about the osmoregulatory mechanisms that enable them to maintain internal homeostasis in hypoosmotic environments. In the present study, we focused on the kidney because this is the only organ that can excrete excess water from the body in a hypoosmotic environment. We conducted a transfer experiment of bull sharks from SW to FW and performed differential gene expression analysis between the two conditions using RNA-seq. A search for genes up-regulated in the FW-acclimated bull shark kidney indicated that the expression of the Na+-Cl− cotransporter (NCC; Slc12a3) was ten times higher in the FW-acclimated fish compared to that in SW fish. In the kidney, apically-located NCC was observed in the late distal tubule and in the anterior half of collecting tubule where basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase was also expressed, implying that these segments contribute to NaCl reabsorption from the filtrate for diluting the urine. This expression pattern was not observed in the houndshark, Triakis scyllium, that had been transferred to 30% SW; this species cannot survive in FW environment. The salinity transfer experiment combined with a comprehensive gene screening approach demonstrates that NCC is a key renal protein that contributes to the remarkable euryhaline ability of the bull shark.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0303 health sciences
biology
urogenital system
Physiology
Reabsorption
030310 physiology
Zoology
Euryhaline
Aquatic Science
Bull shark
biology.organism_classification
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Acclimatization
03 medical and health sciences
Triakis scyllium
Houndshark
Insect Science
Carcharhinus
Osmoregulation
Animal Science and Zoology
Molecular Biology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14779145 and 00220949
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Experimental Biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........496851e95eb5e07ddead6d6af1c95e96