Whole program compilation for embedded software

The increasing complexity and decreasing time-to-market of embedded software forces designers to write more modular and reusable code, using for example object-oriented techniques and languages such as C++. The resulting memory and runtime overhead cannot be removed by traditional optimizing compilers; a global, whole program analysis is required. To evaluate the potential of whole program optimization techniques, we have manually optimized the embedded software of a commercial ADSL modem. Using only techniques that can be automated, a memory footprint reduction of nearly 60% has been achieved. We conclude that a consistent and aggressive use of whole system optimization techniques is feasible and worthwhile, and that the implementation of such techniques in a compiler for embedded software will allow software designers to write more modular and reusable code without suffering the associated implementation overhead.