Hybrid Transformer ZVS/ZCS DC–DC Converter With Optimized Magnetics and Improved Power Devices Utilization for Photovoltaic Module Applications

This paper presents a nonisolated, high boost ratio dc-dc converter with the application for photovoltaic (PV) modules. The proposed converter utilizes a hybrid transformer to incorporate the resonant operation mode into a traditional high boost ratio active-clamp coupled-inductor pulse-width-modulation dc-dc converter, achieving zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) turn-on of active switches and zero-current-switching turn-off of diodes. As a result of the inductive and capacitive energy being transferred simultaneously within the whole switching period, power device utilization (PDU) is improved and magnetic utilization (MU) is optimized. The improved PDU allows reduction of the silicon area required to realize the power devices of the converter. The optimized MU reduces the dc-bias of magnetizing current in the magnetic core, leading to smaller sized magnetics. Since the magnetizing current has low dc-bias, the ripple magnetizing current can be utilized to assist ZVS of main switch, while maintaining low root-mean-square (RMS) conduction loss. The voltage stresses on the active switches and diodes are maintained at a low level and are independent of the wide changing PV voltages as a result of the resonant capacitor in series in the energy transfer loop. The experimental results based on 250 W prototype circuit show 97.7% peak efficiency and system CEC efficiencies greater than 96.7% over 20 to 45 V input voltages. Due to the high efficiency over wide power range, the ability to operate with a wide variable input voltage and compact size, the proposed converter is an attractive design for PV module applications.