Notice of Removal: Element-Rotated Linear, Planar, and Conformal Arrays Radiating Shaped Patterns

Array element rotation could serve as the fifth dimension that can be modulated to synthesize desired array patterns except for the excitation amplitude, phase, element position, and time sequence. A method of synthesizing shaped patterns for linear, planar, and cylindrical conformal arrays by optimizing element rotations and excitation phases considering mutual coupling (MC) is presented. The rotation of an element in its local coordinate system (LCS) is approximately described by rotating its vectorial active element pattern (VAEP). Then, the rotated patterns are transformed to the global coordinate system (GCS) by coordinate transformation and scattered interpolation to calculate the array pattern. In the end, a refined strategy is adopted to reduce the error introduced in the rotated VAEP approximation. Numerical examples and measurements are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.