Angle Estimation through Millimeter Wave MIMO in 5G Systems

Estimating the entire channel state information (CSI) is essential for building and keeping a robust RF link between a master device and the mobile-station and base-station in a wireless transmission system. The channel sounding system can be used to evaluate the radio environment for wireless communication to take account the effect of terrain and obstacles, wireless signals propagate in multiple paths (the multipath effect). In a multipath system, the wireless channel is frequency dependent, time dependent, and position dependent. The parameters describe the channel in a multipath system [1], including direction of departure (DOD), direction of arrival (DOA), time delay, Doppler shift, and complex polarimetry path weight matrix. Generally Space-Alternating Generalized Expectation Maximization (SAGE) algorithm [2] or the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) estimation algorithm [3] can be used to estimate the angle information but those methods demand a MCPU with highly computing power. To reduce the computing load, this study proposes the use of monopulse [4] tracking algorithm for angle estimation. Numerical simulation results validate the proposed method.