Anthocyanins from flowers and leaves of Nymphaéa × marliacea cultivars

Five anthocyanins have been isolated from red flowers of the water lily, Nymphaea × marliacea var. Escarboucle and identified by a combination of chromatography, electrospray MS and homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR techniques to be the novel pigment cyanidin 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl-6″-O-acetyl-β-galactopyranoside), and the 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl-6″-O-acetyl-β-galactopyranoside), 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl-β-galactopyranoside), 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl-β-galactopyranoside) and 3-O-β-galactopyranoside of delphinidin. The same five anthocyanins were also found in different proportions in both flowers and leaves of two other N. × marliacea cultivars with pink and white flowers, respectively. The chemotaxonomic significance of the acylated delphinidin derivatives is discussed.