Numerical Simulation of Energy Budget Distribution and its Seasonal Variation in China Mainland and Sea Areas

The monthly mean items of energy budget and air temperature, specific humidity and wind vector at 10m over China land and sea areas in 1998 were calculated based on Goddard Earth Observing Data Assimilation System, NASA, United States. The results of model calculation show that the largest surface net radiation of short wave appears in summer (July) in central areas of Xinjiang and Xizang, and reaches a value in high value central area of 275W/m2, and it appears in spring (April) in Yellow Sea and East China Sea with a its value about 250W/m2. The largest surface net radiation of long wave appears in summer (July) in northwestern China, with a value in central area of 125W/m2, and it appears in winter (January) in near China sea areas, with a value of 75–100W/m2. The latent heat flux in near China sea areas in winter (January) is higher than that in other months, its value in central area occurs in southwestern, northern, and northeastern China, and reaches 125W/m2. The calculated results of monthly mean energy budget illustrate that the net flux is transferred from ocean to atmosphere in winter (January) in Yellow Sea and East China Sea, and conversely in summer (July). The net flux value is positive in summer in Xinjiang and central area of Xizang Plateau. The comprehensive analysis for distributions of temperature, humidity and wind vector shows that the water vapour is transported distinctly in summer from South China Sea to eastern China area and from Bay of Bengal to India subcontinent. The water vapour in southwestern area of Xizang comes from its southwestern direction.