Oral d-amphetamine increases sensitivity to negative consequences on an associative learning task in cocaine users

s / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 140 (2014) e169–e251 e231 chopathology (dissociation, suicidality, depression) indicates a need to attend to these areas. Third, the PSES shows strong initial psychometric properties, showing potential utility as a brief, clinically relevant instrument for implementation in a wide variety of medical/specialty settings. Future research should further explore gender in substance expectancies given known gender differences in PTSD/SUD etiology/clinical presentation (e.g., women more likely to suffer sexual violence). Financial support: None. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.638 Oral d-amphetamine increases sensitivity to negative consequences on an associative learning task in cocaine users N.P. Vadhan1, S.M. Evans1, C.E. Myers3, M.A. Gluck2, S.C. Reed1 1 Columbia University & NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States 2 Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States 3 VA New Jersey Health Care System & New Jersey Medical School, East Orange, NJ, United States Aims: Thepurposeof this studywas to examine the acute effects of d-amphetamine (AMPH) on sensitivity to positive and negative consequences in cocaine users. Methods: Thirteen intranasal cocaine users (12male, 1 female), reporting 3.7 days (SD=1.2) of cocaine use ($228.9, SD=115.4) per week, participated in this 3-session outpatient study to date. Participants completed a computerized stimulus classification task at 180min following administration of oral AMPH (0, 10, 20mg); dose order was randomized and double-blind. On some task trials, correct responses were followed by a gain of 25 points (+$0.10) but incorrect responses were not followed by any feedback (positive consequence trials). For other task trials, incorrect responses were followed by a loss of 25 points (−$0.10), but correct responses were not followed by any feedback (negative consequence trials). The primary outcome measure was % optimal responses made on positive and negative consequence trials. Results: For the positive consequences condition, optimal responding increased as a function of trial block (p 0.05). Under the negative consequences condition, optimal responding did not increase as a function of trial block (p>0.05), but the 10mg dose of AMPH increased overall optimal responding by about 8% relative to placebo (p