Reducing the Effect of Participation of Loads in Primary Frequency Control on the Device Life-Time and Customer Convenience

The increase in penetration of renewables has decreased the available frequency control reserve provided by conventional generating units. As a result, alternative options for provision of frequency control reserve are required to keep the frequency quality of the system. Using loads for this purpose is one of the available options. However, this should be done with the minimum negative effect on the devices life-time and on the customers' convenience. In this paper, a framework to evaluate the effect of loads' participation in primary frequency control effect on the devices' life-time and customers' convenience is proposed and several strategies used to reduce these negative effects are compared.