Modeling of closed membrane shapes

Closed biological membranes were considered within the spontaneous curvature model. Ground state membrane shapes were compared with Monte Carlo simulations in the thermal equilibrium, where membranes are subject to thermal uctuations. The results of the two approaches correspond well with each other. The oblate discocyte membrane shapes are obtained in the ground state but can become metastable when thermal uctuations are taken into account. The nematic ordering in oblate and stomatocyte vesicle membranes was also studied. It was conrmed