Evaluation of the WRF physical parameterisations for Typhoon rainstorm simulation in southeast coast of China

Due to easily causing severe disasters in mountainous areas, typhoon rainfall forecast with numerical weather prediction (NWP) system plays an important role for meteorological and hydrological use. In order to investigate the applicability of physical parameterisations for typhoon rainstorms, thirty-six physical parameterisation combinations are designed by three microphysics (Lin, WSM6 and WDM6), three pairs of longwave/shortwave radiations (RRTM/Dudhia, RRTMG/RRTMG and CAM/CAM) and four cumulus parameterisations (KF, BMJ, GD and Grell 3D). The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate the three representative typhoon storm events occurred in southeast coast of China and the rainfall simulations in Meixi catchment are evaluated. Not only for the individual parameterisation but also for the parameterisation combination, WSM6, RRTMG/RRTMG and KF outperform the other physical parameterisation as a whole. The WRF model has poor capability in simulating the rainfall caused by strong convection, and the storm events with uneven distributed rainfall tend to have worse rainfall simulation in space and time dimensions. The findings provide references for choosing the physical parameterisation, which can help to obtain relatively reliable typhoon rainfall forecast and flood warning in catchment scale. The shortage of the NWP system and the solution for improve the rainfall simulation are also put forward.