Concurrency at Air Transport - Integration and Unbundling

This paper explains two tendencies of air transport: integrations and unbundling. The vertical integration happens on two ways: operational and industrial. The operational vertical integration refers for every service of the operation such as catering, cargo and maintenance. The industrial vertical integration is growing each day because the airlines are looking for acquiring airports and tour operators. On the same direction of the industrial vertical integration, the horizontal integration is also growing because of high costs of the operations. But the newest tendency is the unbundling on air transport. The unbundling gives more transparency on the relationship between the consumers and the airlines and let the airlines improve their profits.