Effet du papillotement chromatique sur la circulation du nerf optique

Purpose: To determine the response of human optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow (ΔF) to heterochromatic equiluminant flicker modulation (eql-fl) and compare it to the response induced by pure luminance flicker (I-fl). Methods: In 5 normal volunteers the ONH blood flow was measured by conventional laser Doppler flowmetry. Stimuli were generated by green and red light emitting diodes and delivered to the eye through a fundus camera illumination optic. Both green and red illuminances were square wave modulated in counter phase at different frequencies between 2 and 40 Hz. ΔF was defined as the ratio between the ONH blood flow after 1 min stimulation and a baseline blood flow measured prior to the stimulation. Results: In response to a 2 Hz eql-fl, ONH blood flow increases by 36% in average. AF versus flicker frequency displayed the characteristics of a low-pass function with a cutoff frequency of 10 Hz for an eql-fl and a band-pass function with broad maximum around 10 Hz for the I-fl. Conclusions: AF in human ONH can be evoked by heterochromatic equiluminant flicker modulation. The blood flow frequency response to eql-fl and I-fl are similar to the neural activity dominated by the Parvo- and Magno-cellular activity, respectively. These findings offer a new approach to study the neurovascular coupling at the ONH in both physiological and diseased conditions involving predominantly or selectively the Magno- and Parvo-pathways.