Writing and Deleting Magnetic Bubbles using Local Magnetic Fields

Magnetic bubbles are circular magnetic domains that may occur in thin magnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Because they can form with high topological stability and can be manipulated by external driving forces, magnetic bubbles have been considered as prominent information carriers, which are set to 1 or 0, corresponding to the presence or absence. For practical applications, such information carriers must be written and deleted in a specific area of the magnetic thin film. Herein, we report that the magnetic bubbles can be written and deleted using local magnetic fields. By applying a localized magnetic field from the magnetic tip of a magnetic force microscopy to the stripe domain structures of the PMA multilayer, bubbles can be written at room temperature via the transformation from stripe domains to magnetic bubbles. The deleting of the bubbles in the targeted area demonstrated by the local magnetic field accompanied by a uniform external field. Our findings can provide a key for manipulating information carriers in the spintronic device based on topological magnetic structures such as magnetic skyrmions and bubbles.