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Effect of Solvent Types on Gaharu (Aqualaria malaccensis) Extract Quality and its Chemical Compound
- Source :
- Key Engineering Materials. 797:202-210
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., 2019.
-
Abstract
- Gaharu oleoresin is a mixture of wood resin and essential oil substances that naturally accumulates in the gaharu plants species. The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate solvent types and the contents of oleoresin and oil as well as the chemical compounds present in the gaharu extracts. Gaharu oleoresin can be extracted from gaharu powder using polar solvents and the essential oil can be separated using non-polar solvents. The extraction was done by Soxhlet method using methanol and ethanol for oleoresin extraction, and n-hexane and toluene for oil extraction from which the most appropriate solvents, extraction yields and the extracts quality were determined. The percentage of oleoresin extraction yield was found highest in methanol (6.97 %) followed by ethanol (6.85 % w/w). Meanwhile, the gaharu oil was found higher in toluene extract (1.06 %) compared to n-hexane (0.38 % w/w). The GC-MS results showed the extracts from ethanol and n-hexane solvents are the best quality due to the present of key compounds of 4-phenyl-2-butanone, β-guaiene, agarospirol, α–bisabolene, alloaromadendrene oxide, γ-Gurjunen and aromadenderene oxide. Different chemical component in gaharu oil determines the characteristic or quality of the gaharu. Meanwhile, the sesquiterpene compounds in gaharu produce its specialty aroma characteristics. Therefore, ethanol and n-hexane solvents are suitable to be used for oleoresin and oil extraction beside less expensive and more environmental-friendly.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Chemical compound
Mechanical Engineering
media_common.quotation_subject
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
040401 food science
01 natural sciences
Solvent
chemistry.chemical_compound
0404 agricultural biotechnology
chemistry
Mechanics of Materials
010608 biotechnology
Organic chemistry
General Materials Science
Quality (business)
media_common
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16629795
- Volume :
- 797
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Key Engineering Materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........284c5fac5b8e4edf6701a76ea9e868b9