$Ω^-$ production as a probe of equation of state of dense matter near the QCD phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Based on a relativistic transport model coupled with hadronic mean-field potentials for heavy-ion collisions, the productions of doubly strange hyperon $Ξ^-$ and trebly strange hyperon $Ω^-$ in relativistic Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 4.2 GeV are investigated. Compared with the double strangeness sensitive observable $Ξ^-$, the treble strangeness $Ω^-$, whether its yields or its collective flows, is extremely sensitive to the equation of state (EoS) of dense matter, making it a valuable observable for probing the properties of dense matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
5 pages, 5 figures