Comparative study between Single Anastomosis Duodeno–Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy and Mini-Gastric Bypass Surgery for the Treatment of Morbid Obesity

Background Metabolic and bariatric surgery is a proven therapy for the treatment of obesity and its related comorbidities. Malabsorptive operations usually offer a higher rate of metabolic improvement, despite higher rate of complications and secondary effects. Objectives To compare Single Anastomosis Duodeno–Ileal bypass with Sleeve gastrectomy (SADIS) and Mini-Gastric Bypass operation as two types of bariatric surgeries with regard to weight loss, metabolic outcome and nutritional deficiencies within one year of post-operative follow up. Methods We performed a prospective comparison of 40 morbidly obese patients submitted to SADIS (n. = 20) and MGB (n. = 20) between July 2016 to July 2017 with one year of postoperative follow up. Results The groups were nearly similar in terms of age and sex. The SADI-S group had BMI of (47.4 vs 46.1) with 100% prevalence of DM in both groups, hypertension in SADIS 70% vs 65% in MGB and almost equal incidence of dyslipidemia. The SADI-S group presented markedly higher percentage of EWL of 91.4% vs 71.6% after one year. Control of DM, with HbA1c below 6%, was obtained in 85% in both groups with more decrease in mean HbA1c of SADIS being 5.44 vs 5.815 in MGB after one year. Most patients abandoned antidiabetic therapy or at least were controlled by less medications and lower doses. The SADI-S group presented remission of hypertension by 90% of patients as those of MGB but with far less medications. Lipid profile improvement was noticed in both groups with slightly higher resolution in SADIS group by 95% vs 90% for total cholesterol, 85% in both groups for T.G, 80% vs 85% for LDL, 65% vs 70% for HDL in SADIS and MGB patients respectively. Although the nutritional deficiency is still a considerable concern after SADIS, ours study didn’t show intense difference from MGB provided that proper vitamin supplementation and patient compliance are maintained postoperatively. Conclusion When compared to gastric bypass, SADI-S appears to be an effective and safe therapeutic technique with excellent short-term results for treating morbid obesity and its associated comorbidities with a low rate of nutritional complications. Proving its safety and efficacy by further studies will grant it more popularity in the future.