The distribution of nickel ions among octahedral and tetrahedral sites in NiAl2O4MgAl2O4 solid solutions

The cation distribution in NiAl2O4 and in the solid solutions NixMg1−xAl2O4 with x ranging from 0.01 to 0.55 has been studied by X-ray analysis, magnetic susceptibility and reflectance spectroscopy. The relative X-ray intensities of various reflections for each compound were measured and compared with intensities calculated for various models of cation distribution. Lattice parameters, magnetic moments of Ni2+, and the position of nickel absorption bands have also been measured. The results show that all specimens have a predominantly octahedral distribution for their nickel ions, and that there is a small change towards a random distribution when the quenching temperature is increased from 1273 to 1673°K. Both X-ray and magnetic results show that the fraction, α, of Ni2+ ions on tetrahedral sites varies with nickel content. For samples quenched from 1273°K, NiAl2O4 is 78% inverse, but between x = 1.0 and x = 0.25 the value of α decreases from 0.22 towards 0.1. Thus, the fraction of nickel on octahedral sites in the solid solutions is higher than in NiAl2O4. The effect is linked with an increase in Dq for the Ni2+ ion. Below x = 0.25, there is tentative evidence that α may increase. In nickel-dilute solutions the matrix as a whole is nearly normal, and it is suggested that Madelung energy may then be more effective in counteracting the octahedral stabilization of nickel. The same trend is observed in the specimens quenched from 1673°K.