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Performance optimization of single and two-stage micro/nano-scaled heat pumps with internal and external irreversibilities
- Source :
- Applied Energy. 232:695-703
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Based on the thermosize effects of a confined ideal Maxwellian gas, we established a model of micro/nano-scaled heat pump including two isothermal and two isobaric processes, where the Joule-like heating effect was analyzed in detail by using the nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory. Further, in order to improve the performance of a single thermosize device, a model of two-stage micro/nano-scaled heat pump with multiple micro/nano components is for the first time put forward. The general expressions of heating load and coefficient of performance for the single and the two-stage heat pump are derived. The influences of the internal and external irreversibilities of the system, i.e., Fourier heat flow and the Joule-like heating and the finite rate heat transfer with the reservoirs, on the performance characteristic of thermosize devices are studied in detail. Moreover, we also discuss the effect of the allocation the thermosize components on the optimal performance of the two-stage micro/nano-scaled heat pump cycle. It is found that in the presence of the internal and external irreversibilities, the two kinds of the micro/nano-scaled heat pump can achieve specific heating performance. In particular, when the total number M of the thermosize components is fixed, both the maximum of the optimal coefficient of performance Φ opt , max and the maximum of the heating load Π opt , max corresponding to the optimal coefficient of performance appear near n = M / 2 with n being the number of the thermosize elements of the top stage. The results obtained here show several main irreversibility source of the micro/nano-scaled heat pump and have potential applications in the efficient utilization and conversion of energy in the microchannel system using gas.
- Subjects :
- Microchannel
Materials science
020209 energy
Mechanical Engineering
Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
02 engineering and technology
Building and Construction
Mechanics
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Coefficient of performance
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Isothermal process
law.invention
General Energy
law
Heat transfer
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Isobaric process
0210 nano-technology
Heat pump
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 03062619
- Volume :
- 232
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Applied Energy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........20339ff552c15df7d5940fcae13f565b