Heterozygosity of maternal factor V G1691A (Leiden) and relationship with times of pregnancy loss among unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss women

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined by the consecutive loss of two or more pregnancies with the same partner. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) or recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects from 1-5% of the reproductive age couples. This diagnosis is both emotionally challenging and confusing for most couples, as the definitive diagnosis using conventional evaluations is found in fewer than half of the couples experiencing repeated loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inherited heterozygosity of factor five Leiden (FVL) G1691A and Its relation to the time of recurrent spontaneous pregnancy loss. Materials and methods: Retrospective case- control study, in which women with RPL were compared to healthy women without any evidence of spontaneous abortion. This study was undertaken at Omdurman maternity hospital in Khartoum state, Sudan. The case group consisted of one hundred women who experienced at least three or more consecutive recurrent spontaneous pregnancy loss that occurred before 20 weeks of gestation and the control group consisted of ninety five healthy women without any history of adverse pregnancy outcome.Questionnaire and direct interview were used to collect information. Genotyping was based on polymerase chain reaction. Data were entered and analyzed by SPSS program version 17.0. Result: Heterozygosity for FVL alleles G/A was 8.0% in all cases and 6.4% was found in control group. Related to association with time of recurrent pregnancy loss our result shows three times (37.5%), four times (50.0%) and five times (12.5%). Conclusion: Heterozygosity of FV Leiden G1691A could be one reason for recurrent pregnancy loss and pregnancy complications among women with unexplained pregnancy loss. Our study showed that there is an association between heterozygosity for FVL G1691A and time of recurrent pregnancy loss.