THE NEONICOTINOID IMIDACLOPRID SHOWS HIGH CHRONIC TOXICITY TO MAYFLY NYMPHS

The present study evaluated the acute and chronic toxicity of imidacloprid to a range of freshwater arthropods. Mayfly and caddisfly species were most sensitive to short-term imidacloprid exposures (10 tests), whereas the mayflies showed by far the most sensitive response to long-term exposure of all seven arthropod species tested (28-d EC10 values of approximately 0.03?µg/L). The results indicated a high aquatic risk of chronic exposure of imidacloprid to mayflies.