Fístula aortoesofágica secundaria a endoprótesis torácica: a propósito de 3 casos y revisión de la literatura

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive, and generally excellent, technique to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms, dissections, or traumatic aortic transections. Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a highly lethal cause of massive bleeding and a catastrophic complication after TEVAR. The incidence of AEF after TEVAR has been reported as between 5% and 10.53%. We present 3 cases of AEF after TEVAR, and our experience with management and outcome of these patients. A review of the recent literature has been included. These findings emphasize the importance of mediastinal infection, esophageal surgical management, and aorta replacement. Management should be surgical, since the outcome under conservative management seems almost invariably fatal. Future developments in endoprosthesis design and material, and avoidance of oversizing will hopefully reduce the occurrence of this disastrous complication.