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Diagnosing malaria from some symptoms: a machine learning approach and public health implications
- Source :
- Health and Technology. 11:23-37
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Malaria is a leading cause of death in Nigeria and remains a public health concern because of the increasing resistance of the disease to antimalarial drugs. Pregnant women and children under five years of age are the most vulnerable. Efforts to eradicate malaria is often frustrated due to some various sociodemographic factors and medical factors. One of the vital therapeutic factors is misdiagnosis. Hence, the paper applied different data mining models to diagnose malaria using fifteen symptoms of patients that attended a hospital in Nigeria. The data were obtained from a peer reviewed data article that comprises 337 subjects at Federal Polytechnic Ilaro Medical Centre, Ogun State. The independent variables are 15 symptoms, age, and sex, while the target or dependent is the outcome. The outcome is the result of the diagnosis, which is positive for negative for malaria. Eight machine learning tools were applied to the data on the Orange Software platform. Weak non-significant correlations were obtained between the 15 symptoms and the outcome, and hence no pattern was observed. However, the application of data mining tools revealed a hidden pattern that correctly predicted the outcome using the subjects' symptoms, age, and sex. 6 out of the 8 machine learning models were adjudged to perform well using different performance metrics. The Adaptive boosting model gave a percent 100% precision in the classification, and logistic regression was the least. Furthermore, a percent performance of Adaboost implies that the model correctly predicted all the 221 true negatives and 116 true positives with a misclassification (misdiagnosis) of zero. Classify using only the 15 symptoms reduced the predictive accuracy of the 6 models. Nevertheless, Adaboost performance was the best with a classification accuracy of 98.2%, precision of 96.6%, and an error rate of just 1.8%. Again, logistic regression performance was the least. The present work has presented a strong relationship between age and sex and the outcome. Adaboost model can be used to design decision support systems or rapid diagnostic tools that utilise the internet or mobile devices as platforms in the diagnosis of malaria. The application of the present work as potentials in reduction of misdiagnosis incidences, reducing the mortality due to malaria and improving the overall public health of people residing in malaria endemic areas.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Boosting (machine learning)
020205 medical informatics
Biomedical Engineering
Bioengineering
02 engineering and technology
Disease
Logistic regression
Machine learning
computer.software_genre
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
AdaBoost
business.industry
Public health
medicine.disease
Diagnosis of malaria
Artificial intelligence
business
computer
Malaria
Biotechnology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21907196 and 21907188
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Health and Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........1a211411e8a8e22c03f689eef8f392b9