The Investigation of Antimutagenic Effects on Chromosomes and Cell Division Mechanisms against Mitomycine C in Human Lymphocyte Culture of Liquid Extracts Obtained from Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)

Aims: In this study, we determined that whether the liquid extracts of the above-ground parts of Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Rubus idaeus L. have antimutagenic effects against mitomycin C in human peripheral lymphocytes, chromosome aberration (CA), micronucleus (MN) and mitotic index (MI) tests. Methodology: Blood samples of the negative control group (Group I) were allowed to react in a cell culture medium without any treatment, while positive control group (Group II) was allowed to interact in a cell culture medium supplemented with mitomycin-C (MMC) at a dose of 0.3 μL /mL for each chromosome medium. Blood samples of the other groups were allowed to react for 24 hours with 0.3 μL /mL MMC and V. myrtillus L. (Group III, IV, V and VI), and R. idaeus L. (VII, VIII, IX and X) extracts in 0.2 μL /mL, 0.4 μL /mL, 0.8 μL /mL and 1.6 μL /mL doses for each of cell cultures. At the end of the incubation period, culture cells were evaluated by chromosomal aberrations, mitotic, micronucleus and nuclear division index tests. Results: Compared with Group II, it was determined that mitotic, nuclear division and nuclear cytotoxic cleavage indices were increased when chromosome aberrations and micronucleus indexes were decreased in extract groups. When we compared to extract groups and group II, we observed that chromosome aberrations and micronucleus index decreased in extract groups, while mitotic, nuclear division and nuclear cytotoxic cleavage indices were increased. Conclusion: It was concluded that aqueous extracts of V. myrtillus L. and Rubus idaeus L. had significantly antimutagenic effects on the human peripheral lymphocyte cells at the working doses.