Integrated, digitally controlled, 64-element SiGe on multilayer organic X-band phased-array receiver antenna for snow measurements

To the author's knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of an X-band integrated 64-element active phased-array receiver using SiGe and organic multilayer (LCP + Duroid) technologies. The design and measurement of the antenna, SiGe T/R module, and integrated subarray antenna were presented. In addition, the design of the FPGA digital control board was also presented, which enabled beam steering and control of the phase shifters. This receive subarray was designed for use in SCLP applications and meets performance, cost, and size requirements for use with compact platforms, such as UAVs.