Hysteretic model for concrete under cyclic tension and tension-compression reversals

A hysteretic model for concrete structure subjected to cyclic tension and tension–compression reversals is presented. The proposed model was intended to predict the complex hysteretic behavior of concrete under cyclic loading in a simple and practical way. Based on the analysis of the characteristic hysteretic behavior of concrete, the residual deformation in tension was considered principally due to the incomplete closure of the opening cracks. The mechanism for the hysteretic behavior of concrete under tension–compression reversals was suggested as the crack closing and opening. Considering the application within different numerical approaches, dimensionless stress-deformation coordinates was adopted to perform the hysteretic model. The unloading and reloading paths have been derived from the crack closing and opening mechanism and were represented as straight lines in the model. Partial unloading and reloading were considered in both cyclic tension and tension–compression reversals. The proposed model has been validated by comparison with available experimental results and the seismic response of a SDOF system with the hysteretic model has been analysed.