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Air-Ground Channel Characterization for Unmanned Aircraft Systems—Part IV: Airframe Shadowing
- Source :
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. 66:7643-7652
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Applications of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are expected to expand dramatically in the coming decades. In order to provide safe and reliable links for UAS, NASA Glenn Research Center sponsored a measurement campaign in 2013 to characterize air-ground (AG) channels. In the first three of our AG channel characterization series papers, path loss, small scale fading, stationarity distance, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, spatial correlations, and tapped delay line models were presented for a range of ground site environment. In this paper, we expand the results to a unique and little-studied characteristic of the AG channels—airframe shadowing—for a medium-sized aircraft. Airframe shadowing occurs when the line-of-sight signal is obstructed by the airplane itself in some specific maneuvers. Based on over 200 aircraft wing/engine shadowing events in both C-band (5060 MHz) and L-band (968 MHz) collected in the measurement campaign, shadowing depth, duration, multiple antenna diversity gain, and small scale fading results and their statistics are reported. Algorithms are proposed to simulate a random shadowing event based upon shadowing depth and duration cumulative density functions. Airframe shadowing characteristics are independent of the local ground site conditions and link distance. The shadowing loss is modeled as a function of aircraft roll angle, but shadowing loss and duration are essentially uncorrelated. The maximum shadowing loss measured was over 35 dB and the duration was up to 74 s. As expected, deployment of multiple aircraft antennas is shown helpful to mitigate this shadowing.
- Subjects :
- Engineering
business.product_category
Computer Networks and Communications
business.industry
Aerospace Engineering
020206 networking & telecommunications
020302 automobile design & engineering
02 engineering and technology
Airplane
Delay spread
0203 mechanical engineering
Range (aeronautics)
Automotive Engineering
Airframe
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Path loss
Fading
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Aerospace engineering
business
Shadow mapping
Communication channel
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19399359 and 00189545
- Volume :
- 66
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........1604f599bd787c4f819ac7880c4c95ef