Effects of the doping density of charge-transporting layers on regular and inverted perovskite solar cells: numerical simulations

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite has achieved great success in the field of solar cells. The charge-transporting layers (CTLs) play an important role on the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In order to elucidate the influence of the doping density of CTLs on the current–voltage characteristics and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of PSCs, numerical simulation was performed for both n-i-p and p-i-n configurations. The simulated results suggest that the doping density of CTLs must maintain a certain value from the aspect of efficient built-in electric field. The reasonable value of the doping density of CTLs is mainly related to their dielectric constant. Effects of the doping density of charge-transporting layers on perovskite solar cells were elucidated by numerical simulations