Features of laboratory, functional and radiological parameters at ACOS

Purpose: To study features of parameters of function of external respiration, X-ray pattern and level of neutrophylic elastase at ACOS. Materials and Methods: 129 people were examined in total. The 1st group included 51 patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), into 2nd group - 38 patients with severe asthma, in the 3rd - 40 patients with severe COPD. The control group was made by 40 volunteers. Assessment of function of external respiration, results of a computer tomography of high resolution, quantity of neutrophils was carried out. In the blood plasma determined the content of the neutrophylic elastase. Results: Rising of the level of neutrophylic elastase was interconnected with the maintenance of neutrophils of the peripheral blood at patients with ACOS (r=0.56, p=0.035) and severe COPD (r=0.51, p=0.04) that can demonstrate formation of mainly neutrophylic type of an inflammation in these groups. At patients with severe COPD and patients with ACOS rising the volume of pulmonary tissue with formation of emphysema according to computer tomography of high resolution was observed. At patients with severe bronchial asthma emphysematous changes were expressed least. Formation of emphysema at patients with severe bronchial asthma and severe COPD was interconnected with rising of an indicator of the relation of bronchial resistance of exhalation to the bronchial resistance of inspiration (r=0.79; r=0.81 respectively, р˂0,001). At patients with ACOS the level of neutrophylic elastase in blood plasma was interconnected with rising of volume of a pulmonary tissue according to computer tomography of high resolution (r=0.90, р =0.03) and requirement in short-range s-agonists (r=0.76, р =0.02).