RISE-based prescribed performance control of Euler–Lagrange systems

In this study, we addressed the problem of design of high-performance tracking controller for uncertain systems described by the Euler–Lagrange formulation. The main objective was to combine the advantages of the robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) controller with those of the prescribed performance (PP) controller. In particular, we aimed to obtain asymptotic tracking for the uncertain systems through a continuous control command while ensuring the transient performance. Two controllers were developed. First, the PP property was injected into the RISE controller assuming no constraint on the actuation amplitude existed, and then this property was incorporated into the saturated RISE controller. The performance of the proposed controllers was validated through experimental and simulation tests.