Self-synchronized voltage pulse application for dynamic force microscope nano-oxidation

A self-synchronized voltage pulse application method was demonstrated as an effective control of the nano-oxidation using a dynamic force microscope. By creating a cyclic water meniscus using the large oscillation amplitude, self-synchronized voltage pulses can be realized during application of a continuous voltage to the sample. The modification of the probe-sample distance was equal to the change in the applied voltage pulse duration on the order of submicroseconds. This method realized the ultrastable control of the water meniscus formation.