Nutrients Recovery Processes for Sewage: A Short Review

The abundance of untreated sewage that consists of valuable nutrients and water scarcity has motivated the community to process and recycle the waste through efficient and sustainable approach. The presence of dissolved nutrients and emerging contaminants are increasing lately due to the rapid anthropogenic activities. Over the years, many studies on sewage processing have been reported in the literature: bioaugmentation, membrane bioreactor, moving bed biofilm as well as adsorption technique for nutrients recovery. The advantages and limitations of these technologies are discussed in brief. Finally, the treated sewage that still contain useful nutrients can be recycled as irrigation water for crops and non-crops plantation, toilet flushing etc. Nutrients that were adsorbed in the filter can be utilized by plant when it is used as growing media.