Growth and characterization of pure and doped lead hydrogen phosphate single crystals in silica gel

Following the chemical reaction method pure and doped lead hydrogen phosphate single crystals were grown in silica gel using different gel density, various concentrations of phosphoric acid, and lead nitrate solutions. As the gel pH plays an important role in the formation of different H 3 PO 4 species in the phosphoric acid system, the pH range in which HPO 4 -2 ions dominate, was considered which in turn is necessary for the growth of lead hydrogen phosphate crystals. Characteristics of these crystals were carried out by infrared spectral analysis and microhardness study