A Dynamic Escape Route Planning Method for Indoor Multi-floor Buildings Based on Real-time Fire Situation Awareness

The complicated interior structure of the high-rise buildings brings great difficulties for fire escape routes planning. Existing two-dimensional (2D) emergency evacuation models are utilized to solve the problem of guidance and rescue for fire responders. However, these models are faced with a bottleneck of low security due to limited environmental information and no consideration of trapped personnel behavior features. In this paper, we propose DERP, a dynamic escape route planning method that achieves accurate disaster site avoidance and safety route planning considering fire situation awareness in a smart building. DERP is enabled by two novel designs. First, a three-dimensional (3D) fire information model is constructed by cellular automata considering the overall situation of indoor 3D topological structure, fire situation and crowd distribution. Second, a multiple constraints 3D indoor emergency escape route planning algorithm is designed based on a 3D path safety function. The experimental results show that DERP can plan and adjust the escape route timely and dynamically, thus increasing the escape probability of the trapped people.