Evaluation of Citrus Gummosis disease dynamics and predictions with weather and inversion based leaf optical model

One of the major threats for crops around the world due to pest and diseases, which can impact the health, economy, environment, and society at large. In general, several issues related to crop yield improvement arises due to insufficient and inadequate knowledge. Therefore, there is a need to develop viable models that incorporate various weather-soil-plant factors, which can give better understanding of the crop and enable timely interventions for yield improvement. To overcome Citrus Gummosis disease related issues and increase the Citrus productivity, seven different datasets Temperature (T), Humidity (Rh), Rainfall (R), Soil Moisture (SM), Soil Temperature (ST), Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Chlorophyll (Cab) were used. Considering various plant, soil and environmental factors, the Citrus Gummosis prediction model has been developed with the multi-source datasets from June 2014 to November 2016 using Support vector regression (SVR) and multilinear regression (MLR). The research is carried out for healthy (5–10 Yrs. and 11–15 Yrs.) and unhealthy (5–10 Yrs. and 11–15 Yrs.) age group of plants. Inverse PROSAIL model has been simulated for retrieving citrus Cab and LAI values. These values were validated with the actual field data. Both the weather and soils based disease prediction models has been developed and validated with MLR and SVR. Further, the influence of Gummosis disease on plant parameters was also studies with the new contribution of Biophysical variables (LAI and Cab) based statistical prediction model. The SVR model gave fairly good performance as compared to MLR. In addition to the separate models a the combined scenario approach (Integrated Gummosis Disease Forecast Model: IGDFM) is designed to understand the interconnectivity of the parametric conditions (weather-soil- plant parameters) with disease physiology with respect to different age group of the plants. The RMSE of proposed approach for higher age group plants (i.e. 11–15 years) in the combined scenario was 0.9061 and 0.8518 for SVR and MLR methods, respectively. It is envisaged that this study could enable farmers to recognize and predict the timing and severity of the Gummosis disease in Citrus and thereby achieve yield improvement.