A review on recent development of nanofluid utilization in shell & tube heat exchanger for saving of energy

The principal goal of this paper is to provide a generic review of the utilization of nanofluid in shell & tube heat exchangers for energy-saving. Shell & tube heat exchanger is used in many industries like the aviation industry, renewable energy, heating and cooling of electronic equipment, oil and gas industries, automotive industries, thermal power plant, etc because of its smaller area and high heat transfer rate. The utilization of nanofluid in such equipment increases heat transfer rate very rapidly due to better thermophysical properties as compared to other fluids. In this research article, first, a brief introduction of shell & tube heat exchanger is provided after that nanofluid, properties of nanofluid and preparation of nanofluid are presented and then utilization of different nanofluid in shell & tube heat exchanger has been examined. This paper also provides the comparative results of utilization of different nanofluids in shell & tube heat exchangers. Finally, it is found that nanofluids enhance the heat transfer rate, reduces the size of the heat exchanger, and ultimately saving energy.