Gross, Histological and Scanning Electron Studies on the Bulbourethral Gland of Donkey (Equus asinus) during Different Seasons

Bulbourethral glands (Cowper´s glands) are one of the accessory genital glands, which play an important role in the cleaning and neutralizing of the acidic environment of the urethra prior to ejaculation. The aim of the present work is to study the morphological features of the bulbourethral glands of donkey by using histological and histochemical methods by using different staining methods such as hematoxylin and eosin, trichrome stain, Verhoff’s stain and Gomoris reticulin stain, PAS, alcian blue, Combined PAS/ alcian blue and Best’s carmine satin. The bulbourethral glands of donkeys were of the combined tubuloalveolar type and lined by principal and basal cells. The activity of the bulbourethral glands varied according to the seasons. It showed maximal activity during spring, which manifested by an increase in the epithelial height and decreasing the nuclear/cell ratio, and the principal cells showed a strong reaction for PAS and aclian blue. Minimal activity was observed in winter, in which the epithelium reaches its minimal height, and the nuclear/cell ratio was increased, and the principal cells showed weak reaction for PAS and aclian blue. In conclusion, this first report describes the histomorphological features of the bulbourethral glands of the donkey. In addition, it showed its different activity during the seasons of the year.