Hypoxia In The Lower St. Lawrence Estuary: How Physics Controls Spatial Patterns

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Gratton, Y. Mucci, A. Dadou, I. Gilbert, D. Gilbert, Denis/A-3067-2010 Gilbert, Denis/0000-0002-9554-9594 NSERC Strategic grant; DFO CCSI (Climate Change Science Initiative) grant; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences/McGill; GEOTOP-UQAM-McGill research center; LEGOS laboratory; University of Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier, France) This research was funded by a NSERC Strategic grant to A.M., D.G. and Y.G, and a DFO CCSI (Climate Change Science Initiative) grant to D.G. Additional financial support to S.L. was provided by the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences/McGill, the GEOTOP-UQAM-McGill research center, the LEGOS laboratory and the University of Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier, France). We thank the captains and crew of R/V Alcide C. Horth and R/V Coriolis II for their help during the numerous cruises between 2002 and 2011. We acknowledge the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. 1 AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION WASHINGTON J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS; A laterally integrated advection-diffusion two-dimensional model was implemented to simulate the spatial distribution of dissolved oxygen and the development of hypoxic conditions in the deep waters of the Laurentian Channel (Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Eastern Canada). Our simulations reveal that the horizontal distribution of dissolved oxygen in the bottom waters of the Laurentian Channel is determined by a combination of physical and biogeochemical processes, whereas its vertical distribution is governed by the deep water circulation. This result strongly suggests that the physics of the system and the source water properties are mostly responsible for the generation of a mid-water column oxygen minimum and the oxygen distribution pattern in the deep water column.