Aktivnost salivarne α-amilaze, psihološki profil i kvaliteta života u bolesnika s oralnim lihenom planusom

Cilj: Glavni cilj istraživanja je bio usporediti aktivnost SAA-e u bolesnika s OLP-om u odnosu na zdrave kontrolne ispitanike. Ostali ciljevi bili su odrediti najčešće lokalizacije OLP-a, razinu depresije, anksioznosti, stresa te kvalitetu života kod svih ispitanika. Dodatni ciljevi su bili odrediti duljinu trajanja bolesti i intenzitet simptoma (bol/pečenje) u oboljelih, te usporediti sve navedene parametre između ispitne i kontrolne skupine te unutar samih skupina. Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 50 ispitanika podijeljenih u dvije skupine. Ispitnu skupinu (N=30) su činili bolesnici s potvrđenom dijagnozom OLP-a. Kontrolna skupina se sastojala od 20 ispitanika. Bolesnicima s OLP-om je zabilježen oblik bolesti (neerozivni, erozivni), duljina trajanja bolesti (mjeseci), intenzitet simptoma (VAS ljestvica). Svim ispitanicima je izmjerena aktivnost SAA-e (kinetičkom kolorimetrijskom metodom), određen psihološki profil (DASS-21) i kvaliteta života (OHIP-CRO14). Rezultati: Nije uočena statistički značajna razlika aktivnosti SAA-e u bolesnika s OLP-om u odnosu na zdrave kontrolne ispitanike (P = 0,314). Najčešće lokalizacije OLP-a su bile sluznica obraza desno (SZO19) i sluznica obraza lijevo (SZO20). Pokazana je dobra pozitivna statistički značajna korelacija kvalitete života (ukupno) s intenzitetom simptoma (r = 0,584, P < 0,001) i depresijom (r = 0,651, P < 0,001), anksioznosti (r = 0,653, P < 0,001), stresom (r = 0,578, P < 0,001). Pokazana je statistički značajna razlika subsklale OHIPCRO14 fizička bol između bolesnika s erozivnim oblikom OLP-a u odnosu na neerozivni (2,7±2,3 naspram 0,8±1,3, P = 0,012). Zaključak: Bolesnici s OLP-om pokazuju znatno više vrijednosti depresije, anksioznosti, stresa u odnosu na kontrolne ispitanike. Naše istraživanje je pokazalo snažnu povezanost psihičkih poremećaja i kvalitete života u bolesnika s OLP-om. Možemo zaključiti da je interdisciplinarni psihoneuroimunološki pristup nužan u bolesnika s OLP-om neovisno jesu li psihički poremećaji dio etiološkog mehanizma bolesti ili su njegova posljedica.
Objectives: The main objective of the study was to compare the activity of SAA in patients with OLP compared with control subjects. Other objectives were to determine the most common topography of OLP, the level of depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life in all subjects. Specific objectives were to determine the disease duration and the intensity of symptoms (pain/burning) in patients with OLP and to compare all the above parameters between the test and control groups and within the groups themselves. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 subjects, divided into two groups, participated in the cross-sectional study. The test group (N=30) consisted of patients diagnosed with OLP. The control group consisted of 20 subjects. In the patients with OLP, the form of the disease (nonerosive, erosive), the disease duration (months), the intensity of the symptoms (VAS scale) were recorded. In all subjects, SAA activity (using the kinetic colorimetric method), psychological profile (DASS-21) and quality of life (OHIP-CRO14) were determined. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in SAA activity in patients with OLP compared to control subjects (P = 0.314). The most frequent topography of OLP were the mucosa of the right cheek (SZO19) and the mucosa of the left cheek (SZO20). There was a good positive statistically significant correlation of quality of life (total) with symptom intensity (r = 0.584, P < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.651, P < 0.001), anxiety (r = 0.653, P < 0.001), stress (r = 0.578, P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the OHIP-CRO14 physical pain subscale between patients with an erosive form of OLP compared to a non-erosive form (2.7±2.3 vs. 0.8±1.3, P = 0.012). Conclusion: Patients with OLP had significantly higher scores for depression, anxiety, and stress compared with control subjects. Our cross-sectional study showed a strong association between mental disorders and quality of life in patients with OLP. We can conclude that an interdisciplinary psychoneuroimmunological approach is necessary in patients with OLP, regardless of whether mental disorders are part of the etiological mechanism of the disease or its consequence.