Food Components Influencing Absorption and Metabolism of Drugs

Neke namirnice sadrže komponente koje mogu stupati u interakcije s brojnim lijekovima i na taj način pojačati ili smanjiti intenzitet djelovanja tih lijekova, samim time i utjecati na efikasnost terapije. Za metabolizam lijekova zaslužni su enzimi (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, glutation S transferaza) i transportni proteini (P-glikoprotein). Komponente hrane koje utječu na farmakokinetiku lijekova, inhibiraju ili induciraju navedene enzime i transportne proteine. Namirnice koje su bogate kompleksnim fitokemikalijama (sok od grejpa, kantarion i povrće) imaju veliki potencijal stvaranja ovakvih interakcija, stoga je nakon konzumacije ovakvih namirnica potrebna konzultacija s liječnikom te potencijalna prilagodba doze lijeka. Some foods contain components that can interact with many medications and may thus increase or decrease the intensity of action of these drugs, and therapy efficacy. Enzymes (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, glutathione S-transferase) and transport proteins (P-glycoprotein) are responsible for drug metabolism. Food components that affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs inhibit or induce these enzymes and transport proteins. Foods rich in complex phytochemicals (grapefruit juice, St. John's wort, and vegetables) have a great potential to create these interactions, so after consuming such foods consultation with physician and a potential dose adjustment might be neccesary affect.