Socijalizacija djece i odraslih s oštećenjem sluha

Svrha ovoga rada je istraživanje procesa socijalizacije kod pojedinaca koji imaju oštećenje sluha i prepreka s kojima se navedene osobe susreću u socijalnoj interakciji. Oštećenje sluha važan je zdravstveni problem zbog kojeg pati emocionalni i socijalni život pojedinaca te se navedeni pojedinci često zatvaraju u sebe i izostavljaju iz društva. Socijalizacija je proces bitan za život svakog pojedinca, pa tako i za one s oštećenjem sluha. Zbog posljedica koje mogu nastati zbog manjka socijalizacije pojedinaca koji imaju oštećenje sluha važno je od predškolske dobi razvijati strategije razvoja socijalnih vještina poput samostalnosti, zajedničke igre i stvaranja samopouzdanja koje se nastavljaju razvijati u ostalim fazama čovjekova života. Ako se socijalne kompetencije ne razviju, djeca s oštećenjem sluha u školskoj dobi često postaju žrtve nasilja zbog izoliranosti ili i sami postaju agresivni zbog čega trebaju intervenirati učitelji i roditelji. Učitelji moraju biti obrazovani za inkluzivno obrazovanje, a suradnja učitelja i roditelja je bitna kako bi se bolje upoznalo dijete s oštećenjem sluha i kako bi se osmislio najbolji način za pristupiti navedenom djetetu. Proces socijalizacije bitan je i za osobe treće životne dobi koje imaju oštećenje sluha zbog smanjenja broja bliskih osoba, ali i osjećaja uključenosti i očuvanja zdravlja starijih osoba.
The idea of this paper is to investigate the process of socialization for people that have hearing disability and difficulties that these people face in social interaction. Hearing impairment is an important health problem that affects emotional and social life of individuals, and that is why these individuals often withdraw into themselves and are left out of society. Socialization is an essential process for the life of every individual, including those with hearing impairment. Due to consequences that may arise because of lack of socialization of people with hearing disability, it is essential to develop strategies for the development of social competences like independence, playing with peers and creation of self-confidence from preschool age, which continue to develop in the other stages of a person’s life. If social skills sre not developed, children with hearing impairment at school age become victims of violence due to isolation, or they can become aggressive themselves, which is why teachers and parents need to intervene. Teachers must be educated for inclusive education, and cooperation between teachers and parents is essential in order to get to know a child with hearing impairment better and to come up with the best way to approach to child. The process of socialization is also important for people of the third age who have hearing impairment because of the reduction in the number of close people, but also because of feeling of inclusion and preservation of the health of the elderly.