Physical activity in children with cancer : A systematic review

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Barn med cancer riskerar att drabbas av en rad allvarliga komplikationer till följd av sin sjukdom och cancerbehandling. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka interventioner, utfallsmått och effekt av fysisk aktivitet hos barn med cancer genom att granska vetenskapliga artiklar Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie. Sökning gjordes i databasen PubMed. Tio artiklar inkluderades och granskades sedan med PEDro-scale. Resultat: Interventionsformerna var aerob träning, kombinerad träning bestående av aerob träning, styrketräning, balans och rörlighet. En studie fokuserade främst på motorisk funktion. Utfallsmåtten var strukturella förändringar i hjärnan, kardiorespiratorisk förmåga, fysisk funktion, muskelstyrka, livskvalitet, bentäthet, kognition och rörelseomfång. Aerob kapacitet och muskelstyrka ökade signifikant i interventionsgrupperna jämfört med kontrollgrupperna. Plasticitet i hjärnan ökade signifikant inom grupperna. Ingen effekt på livskvalitet. Konklusion: Fysisk aktivitet som intervention hos barn med cancer har flera positiva effekter. I litteraturen råder ej konsensus gällande omfattningen av effekterna eller hur träningen ska utformas. Fler högkvalitativa studier krävs inom området. Abstract Background: Children with cancer diseases experience long term negative effects on physical fitness and functioning after treatment. The aims of the study were to investigate interventions, outcome measures and effects of physical activity on children with cancer. Method: Systematic review. The search was conducted in the database PubMed. Ten studies were included in the study. The evidence quality of the studies was assessed with PEDro-scale. Results: The interventions used were aerobic exercise, combined training with aerobic exercises, muscle strengthening, balance and mobility. One study focused on motor function. Outcome measures were change in brain structure, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, muscle strength, quality of life, cognition, bone mineral density and range of motion. Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength increased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group after training. Significant increase of positive changes in brain structure within both groups. No effects were found on quality of life. Conclusion: Children with cancer diseases can benefit from physical activity and exercise training. The full extent of the effects is still unclear and more studies of high quality and with larger populations are needed. Keywords: Childhood cancer, physical activity, interventions, outcome measures, effect